1)主动语态和被动语态
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)
Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people。(被动语态)
(2)被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称,数和时态的变化,其变化
规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。现以动词ask为例子,将一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的
肯定式,否定式及疑问式列表如下:
一般现在时
肯定式
Iam asked…… You are asked…… He/She is asked……
We are asked…… You are asked…… They are asked……
否定式
Iam not asked…… You are not asked…… He/She is not asked……
We are not asked…… You are not asked…… They are not asked……
疑问式
Am I asked……? Are you asked……? Is he/She asked……?
Are we asked……? Are you asked……? Are they asked……?
一般过去时
肯定式
Iwas asked…… You were asked…… He/She was asked……
We were asked…… You were asked…… They were asked……
否定式
Iwas not asked…… You were not asked…… He/She was not asked……
We were not asked…… You were not asked…… They were not asked……
疑问式
was I asked……? were you asked……? was he/She asked……?
were we asked……? were you asked……? were they asked……?
(3)含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如:
This bicycle can be mended in two hour。
This trees may be planted in spring。
The room must be kept clean。
The flowers should be watered often。
(4)被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,或者只需强调动作的
承受者时,需要被动语态。如:
This jacket is made of cotton。
English is spoken in Canada。
王炳君 :(2020-05-14 08:47)
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