小伙伴儿们看看下面的说法是否眼熟呢？
1，语境中的名词第一次出现时单数用a/an,复数及不可数名词用零冠词，再次次出现时用the.欺骗星级：***
辨析：名词前是否用定冠词通常要看两个方面：（1）是否为固定形式；（2）该名词是否被特指。
例1：Hangzhou is known for its beauty in the world. 此处in the world 为固定形式，和第几次出现无关。
例2：The man on the platform is my father. 此处man 后面有on the platform 限定，指讲台上的那个人，具有唯一性，故特指。和第几次出现无关。
例3: We can't go without water. But water is being increasingly polluted day by day. 此处water 虽第二次出现，但仍是泛指的水，仍用零冠词。,
2. 最高级和序数词前必须加the. 欺骗星级：**
辨析：加the 必须满足修饰的对象具有特定性或唯一性。
例1：Hangzhou is a most beautiful city in China. 此处a most beautiful 意思是“最美的之一”，不具有唯一性。
例2：—— The food is very delicious. ------ Would you like a second piece?此处 a second 表示“再一块”。
3. 句中有for + 一段时间做状语，句子用完成时。欺骗星级：*****
辨析：完成时的时间区间是截止到目前为止，而“for +时间段”在过去、现在或将来任何时间段都有可能。
例1：I will stay for another three days. 此处for three days 表将来，句子用将来时。
例2：He studied in the US for four years. 句意为“他曾在美国学习四年”。（现在早已不在美国）
例3：He has studied in the US for four years. 句意为“他在美国已经学习四年了”。（到目前为止已有四年，而现在还在那里）
4. V+ing 用于修饰物；v +ed 用于修饰人欺骗星级：*****
解析：v+ing 的语法意义表示该形式修饰的名词的主动含义，v+ed 则表示被动含义。
例1：The movie is awfuly interesting. 此处动词interest + ing 表示电影“使人感兴趣”，动作由movie发出，和动词产生主动关系。
例2：The fellow is awfully interesting. 此处用v+ing形式，理由同上。而非用于人就会v+ed。
例3：You are not supposed to hurt your loving ones. loving ones 爱你的人。二词为主动关系。
例4：Everybody cares about their loved ones. loved ones 被爱的人。二词为被动关系。
5. 非限制性定语从句的引导词一律用which。欺骗星级：**
辨析: 非限制性定语从句中，当引导词代表物时用which而不可用that，代表人时用who/whom, 引导词做时间状语时用when , 做地点状语时用where--- ---
例1：Towards evening , we arrived at a small village, which is the highest village on this planet. which 代表物“村庄”。
例2：Towards evening , we arrived at a small village, where we were warmly welcomed by the local people. 此处where 做地点状语，意思是：“在村庄里”
6. 定语从句中，where一定等于in(on / at---) which .欺骗星级：***
辨析：where表示在何处，也可以转化为“介词+which”，而用何种介词要看具体语境。
例1：He often wears dirty trousers , where(on which) he wipes his hands. on which “在长裤上”
例2: There runs a small river east of the town, across which stands an ancient temple. across which“ 在河的对岸”。
7. 介词+ which 与where或when 可以互换。欺骗星级：****
辨析：where 可以写成介词+which形式，仅限于定语从句。Which指代先行词，若不在定语从句中，which的指代关系便无从说起，就不会产生“介词+which”
例1：Houses should be built where the ground is hard enough. 此处where 引导地点状语从句，没有先行词。
例2: This is the very building , where (in which) I worked for over ten years. which 指代先行词building，为合理结构。
